The Truth About Vaccines

In a sensitive, yet firmly scientific article in Sunday’s Globe Magazine, Dr. Darshak Sanghavi debunks the alleged link between child vaccinations and autism. Along the way, he reveals the truth about vaccinations:

The secret truth about vaccines is that they don’t have much of a benefit for the individual child who receives them. They’re mostly for the good of the community. My sons got multiple polio shots, for example, for little personal benefit. The same goes for flu, measles, whooping cough, chicken pox, and almost every other immunization. The reason they’d be fine without the shots is that most everybody else gets them. This concept is called “herd immunity,” and it is the foundation for disease control. Essentially, it means that once a critical “tipping point” for vaccination coverage occurs - say, about 90 percent of the population - the probability of getting a disease suddenly falls, since it can’t spread.

Following a 1957 influenza pandemic, the Japanese government began vaccinating all schoolchildren, since they spread flu efficiently. After mandatory vaccination ceased in 1994, a report in The New England Journal of Medicine found that the vaccination campaign had prevented as many as 49,000 deaths annually among the Japanese population. That is, one older person’s life was saved for every 420 children vaccinated.

In the United States, getting your kids vaccinated is like paying your taxes: Cheating a little doesn’t really hurt anyone as long as everyone else pays up. But left to their own devices, parents may balk at subjecting their children to the needle when there’s no significant risk of disease. So the United States decided in the favor of greater good and not individual rights, making certain vaccinations compulsory for admission to public schools and day-care centers. As a result, despite well-publicized small outbreaks of whooping cough and even polio recently, vaccination rates in the United States are higher than ever. Today, about 90 percent of Massachusetts children and 80 percent nationwide are fully immunized - and millions of people enjoy some of the world’s lowest rates of devastating but preventable infections.

So, when you, as an affluent parent with all the access to superior health care, choose to not vaccinate your child, you are almost certainly not hurting your child’s health (although you are not helping it either), but you make it slightly more likely that some poor child somewhere or a vulnerable older person will contract a deadly disease. If many of us make that decision, we would hurt the general welfare of our society.